![]() government.Įngineer and international traveler interested in construction techniques, problems and proper design. In New Orleans, I had two homes (12" water in the home) that I visited for loss verification and in both cases the owners said they actually manned the pumps to equalize the water levels between the problematic political parishes and they returned to see the homes flooded and qualify for aid and assistance from the U.S. Very little real information can be drawn for New Orleans because of the quality of construction, the rise was gradual and may not have been classified as a "surge", but just a rise. If it is a gradual river flooding the current and associated forces can be estimated using approximations. The major frequent storm surges and flood levels are not adequate for some typical surges to determine a structural analysis. Your estimated factor comparing a storm surge in comparison to wind may be realistic for small, slow surges. Refer to FEMA fact sheet numbers 3.5 Foundation Walls and 8.1 Enclosures and Breakaway Walls. NFIP requires that solid foundation walls have flood openings. ![]() This system was used on many during the early rebuilding. Solid foundation walls are used in some areas to elevate a building by one story. The temporary/sacrificial blow-out walls (perpendicular to the coastline) were generally 6" CMUs (virtually unreinforced) and just were used for general protection and enclosure of lower bathrooms/showers, utility rooms, garages, dens, TV rooms and workshops. The other structures that survived were the elevated homes with a rigid concrete frame on deep spread footings or reinforced CMU columns with designe "blow-out walls". The reinforced concrete homes with a good foundation survived well and were habitable or cleaned up within a few days if you could get to them. This was a situation were the surges were generally perpendicular (within 30 degrees) to the coast line and normal tracks for most storms.Īnything with either steel, timber or concrete piles under an elevated home was gone and there where few blow-out walls that were in evidence after the surges. The most severe conditions for storm surge were on the Mississippi coast there there was a 28' or so surge and and and equally damaging outward surge because of the debris. Just after and later in Katrina country, after looking at the damage and typical failures, I can only offer observations and not too much in specifics. Breakaway (2011) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more.
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